PSY 230 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8, 9, 10: Type I And Type Ii Errors, Statistical Hypothesis Testing, Formal System
Document Summary
Moderator: a variable that, depending on its level, changes the relationship between two other variables. Spurious association: a bivariate association that is attributable to systematic mean differences on subgroups within the sample; the original association is not present within the subgroups. Third-variable problem: a situation in which a plausible alternative explanation exists for the association between two variables. Directionality problem: a situation in which it is unclear which variable in an association came first. Curvilinear association: an association between two variables which is not a straight line; instead, as one variable increases, the level of the other variable increases and then decreases (or vice versa). Restriction of range: a situation involving a bivariate correlation, in which there is not a full range of possible scores on one of the variables in the association, so the relationship from the sample underestimates the true correlation.
