ACCTCY 2037 Chapter Notes - Chapter 18: Gross Profit, Historical Cost, Moving Average

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24 Feb 2017

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Perpetual inventory system- company uses to keep a continuous record of the cost of inventory on hand and the cost inventory sold. Periodic inventory system- when it does not need to keep a continuous record of the inventory on hand and sold. Specific identification method-a company assigns a specific cost (what it paid for the specific unit) to each unit of inventory it sells and to each unit that it holds in its ending inventory. Historical cost concept- company records its transactions on the basis of the dollars exchanged in the transaction. Matching concept- to determine its net income for an accounting period, a company computes the total expenses involved in earning the revenues of the period and deducts them from the revenues earned in that period. Company reports the inventory expense, cogs, in the period in which it sells the item and reports the revenue from the sale. Computing the historical cost and the amount of inventory.

Related Questions

PA7-1 Analyzing the Effects of Four Alternative Inventory Methods in a Periodic Inventory System [LO 7-3]

Gladstone Company tracks the number of units purchased and sold throughout each accounting period but applies its inventory costing method at the end of each period, as if it uses a periodic inventory system. Assume its accounting records provided the following information at the end of the annual accounting period, December 31.

Transactions		Units			Unit Cost
Beginning inventory, January 1			1,600		$	45
Transactions during the year:
a.	Purchase, January 30		2,300			49
b.	Sale, March 14 ($100 each)		(1,250	)
c.	Purchase, May 1		1,000			75
d.	Sale, August 31 ($100 each)		(1,500	)

Assuming that for Specific identification method (item 1d) the March 14 sale was selected two-fifths from the beginning inventory and three-fifths from the purchase of January 30. Assume that the sale of August 31 was selected from the remainder of the beginning inventory, with the balance from the purchase of May 1.

Required:
1.	Compute the amount of goods available for sale, ending inventory, and cost of goods sold at December 31 under each of the following inventory costing methods: (Round intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places and final answers to the nearest whole dollar amount.)

2-a.

Of the four methods, which will result in the highest gross profit?

	Last-in, first-out
	Weighted average cost
	First-in, first-out
	Specific identification

2-b.

Of the four methods, which will result in the lowest income taxes?

	Last-in, first-out
	Weighted average cost
	First-in, first-out
	Specific identification

coffeeduck922

Required information

Problem 6-1A Perpetual: Alternative cost flows LO P1

[The following information applies to the questionsdisplayed below.]

Warnerwoods Company uses a perpetual inventory system. It enteredinto the following purchases and sales transactions forMarch.

Date

Activities

Units Acquired at Cost

Units Sold at Retail

Mar.

Beginning inventory

100

units

@ $50.00 per unit

Mar.

Purchase

400

units

@ $55.00 per unit

Mar.

Sales

420

units

@ $85.00 per unit

Mar.

Purchase

120

units

@ $60.00 per unit

Mar.

Purchase

200

units

@ $62.00 per unit

Mar.

Sales

160

units

@ $95.00 per unit

Totals

820

units

580

units

3. Compute the cost assigned to endinginventory using (a) FIFO, (b) LIFO, (c)weighted average, and (d) specific identification. Forspecific identification, the March 9 sale consisted of 80 unitsfrom beginning inventory and 340 units from the March 5 purchase;the March 29 sale consisted of 40 units from the March 18 purchaseand 120 units from the March 25 purchase.

Complete this questions by entering your answers in thebelow tabs.

Perpetual FIFO

Perpetual LIFO

Weighted Average

Specific Id

Compute the cost assigned to ending inventory using FIFO.

Perpetual FIFO:

Goods Purchased

Cost of Goods Sold

Inventory Balance

Date

# of units

Cost per unit

# of units sold

Cost per unit

Cost of Goods Sold

# of units

Cost per unit

Inventory Balance

March 1

100

$50.00

$5,000.00

March 5

March 9

March 18

March 25

March 29

Totals

$0.00

Complete this questions by entering your answers in thebelow tabs.

Perpetual FIFO

Perpetual LIFO

Weighted Average

Specific Id

Compute the cost assigned to ending inventory using LIFO.

Perpetual LIFO:

Goods Purchased

Cost of Goods Sold

Inventory Balance

Date

# of units

Cost per unit

# of units sold

Cost per unit

Cost of Goods Sold

# of units

Cost per unit

Inventory Balance

March 1

100

$50.00

$5,000.00

March 5

March 9

March 18

March 25

March 29

Totals

$0.00

Perpetual FIFO

Weighted

Complete this questions by entering your answers in thebelow tabs.

Perpetual FIFO

Perpetual LIFO

Weighted Average

Specific Id

Compute the cost assigned to ending inventory using weightedaverage. (Round your average cost per unit to 2 decimalplaces.)

Weighted Average Perpetual:

Goods Purchased

Cost of Goods Sold

Inventory Balance

Date

# of units

Cost per unit

# of units sold

Cost per unit

Cost of Goods Sold

# of units

Cost per unit

Inventory Balance

March 1

100

$50.00

$5,000.00

March 5

Average

March 9

March 18

Average

March 25

March 29

Totals

$0.00

Perpetual LIFO

Compute the cost assigned to ending inventory using specificidentification. For specific identification, the March 9 saleconsisted of 80 units from beginning inventory and 340 units fromthe March 5 purchase; the March 29 sale consisted of 40 units fromthe March 18 purchase and 120 units from the March 25 purchase.

Specific Identification:

Goods Purchased

Cost of Goods Sold

Inventory Balance

Date

# of units

Cost per unit

# of units sold

Cost per unit

Cost of Goods Sold

# of units

Cost per unit

Inventory Balance

March 1

100

$50.00

$5,000.00

March 5

March 9

March 18

March 25

March 29

Totals

$0.00

Weighted Average

bronzegiraffe728

Use the following information for the Exercisesbelow.

[The following information applies to the questionsdisplayed below.]

Laker Company reported the following January purchases and salesdata for its only product.

Date		Activities	Units Acquired at Cost								Units sold at Retail
Jan.	1	Beginning inventory	140	units	@	$	6.00	=	$	840
Jan.	10	Sales										100	units	@	$	15
Jan.	20	Purchase	60	units	@	$	5.00	=		300
Jan.	25	Sales										80	units	@	$	15
Jan.	30	Purchase	180	units	@	$	4.50	=		810
		Totals	380	units					$	1,950		180	units

The Company uses a perpetual inventory system. For specificidentification, ending inventory consists of 200 units, where 180are from the January 30 purchase, 5 are from the January 20purchase, and 15 are from beginning inventory.

Exercise 6-3 Perpetual: Inventory costing methods LO P1

Required:
1. Complete the table to determine the costassigned to ending inventory and cost of goods sold using specificidentification.
2. Determine the cost assigned to ending inventoryand to cost of goods sold using weighted average.
3. Determine the cost assigned to ending inventoryand to cost of goods sold using FIFO.
4. Determine the cost assigned to ending inventoryand to cost of goods sold using LIFO.

Required 3

Required 4

Complete the table to determine the cost assigned to endinginventory and cost of goods sold using specific identification.

Specific Identification
	Available for Sale			Cost of Goods Sold			Ending Inventory
Purchase Date	Activity	Units	Unit Cost	Units Sold	Unit Cost	COGS	Ending Inventory- Units	Cost Per Unit	Ending Inventory- Cost
Jan. 1	Beginning inventory	140
Jan. 20	Purchase	60
Jan. 30	Purchase	180
		380		0		$0	0		$0

Determine the cost assigned to ending inventory and to cost ofgoods sold using weighted average. (Round cost per unit to 2decimal places.)

Weighted Average - Perpetual:

Goods Purchased

Cost of Goods Sold

Inventory Balance

Date

# of units

Cost per unit

# of units sold

Cost per unit

Cost of Goods Sold

# of units

Cost per unit

Inventory Balance

January 1

140

$6.00

$840.00

January 10

January 20

Average cost

January 25

January 30

Totals

Determine the cost assigned to ending inventory and to cost ofgoods sold using FIFO.

Perpetual FIFO:

Goods Purchased

Cost of Goods Sold

Inventory Balance

Date

# of units

Cost per unit

# of units sold

Cost per unit

Cost of Goods Sold

# of units

Cost per unit

Inventory Balance

January 1

140

$6.00

$840.00

January 10

January 20

January 25

January 30

Totals

Determine the cost assigned to ending inventory and to cost ofgoods sold using LIFO.

Perpetual LIFO:

Goods Purchased

Cost of Goods Sold

Inventory Balance

Date

# of units

Cost per unit

# of units sold

Cost per unit

Cost of Goods Sold

# of units

Cost per unit

Inventory Balance

January 1

140

$6.00

$840.00

January 10

January 20

January 25

January 30

Totals

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ACCTCY 2037 Chapter Notes - Chapter 18: Gross Profit, Historical Cost, Moving Average

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