PSYC 338 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Systematic Desensitization, Advantageous, Self-Image
Document Summary
Personality theory has attempted to account for individual differences among people, but it was always assumed that although people differ from one another, the behavior of any given individual tended to be consistent across similar situations over time. Standardized tests designed to measure traits were found to be weak predictors of behavior. People are better predictors of their own behavior. ***emphasize person variables and de-emphasize situational variables*** Person variables: beliefs, values, and information-processing strategies. The persistent belief that human behavior is more consistent than is indicated by experimental evidence. A theory needs to consider the contributions of both. Reinforcement socializes children in terms of what behaviors are socially acceptable relating to how they see guardians behave and respond towards others. Reciprocal determinism: contention that person variables, situation variables, and behavior constantly interact with one another. Person (determine how a situation is analyzed and which behaviors are chosen) Situation (provides the setting in which the person behaves)
