BIOL 4141 Chapter : Echolocation Mammology 2014
Document Summary
Echolocation in water and air: water is much denser than air. Sound attenuates more rapidly in air: aquatic echolocating mammal. Less energy used for signal of given intensity. Echolocation: echolocation calls can be described in terms of time, frequency, and intensity, clicks. Produced with tongue in two genera of pteropodids: vocal signals. Produced in larynx in most echolocating chiropterans and soricomorphs. Echolocation in bats: brief pulses of sound. 0. 25 to 100 milliseconds in duration: frequency varies widely among species. Ultrasonic (above human hearing range: 20 kilohertz to over 200 khz. Audible (within human hearing range: produced by some bat species. Loudness refers to perception of sound: bandwidth (breadth of frequencies produced) Narrowband calls span less than 10 khz: constant frequency (cf) signals. Broadband calls span wider range of frequencies: frequency-modulated (fm) signals. Duration and pattern of frequency change of echolocation calls from members of the. Stages in the flight path of a bat during an attack on a flying insect.
