BIOL 2051 Chapter : Chapter9 Spr09
Document Summary
Chapter 9 gene transfer, mutations, and genome evolution. Dna sequence is not static: horizontal gene transfer. Lambda bacteriophage integrates into e. coli between gal & bio genes. Sometimes, lambda dna excises incorrectly and brings adjacent host genes (gal or bio) with it. F (fertility) plasmid - one type of plasmid that can be copied & transferred to new cell. Transformation- competent cell picks up free dna from the environment. Some cells can be made competent (in lab): Electroporation- electrical shock opens pores in cell membrane, dna enters through pores. If free dna isn"t incorporated into chromosome, it will be degraded. Transduction bacterial dna is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus. Transfers dna on f factor: r (resistance) plasmid- carries antibiotic resistance genes, starts at orit site. Agrobacterium tumefaciens ti (tumor inducing) plasmid > crown gall disease. In recipient cell, transferred dna forms a f (circular) plasmid.
