BIOL 2051 Chapter : Chapter 2 And 3
Document Summary
Chapter 2: prokaryotic cells can have a wide variety of cellular morphologies, which are often helpful in identification, prokaryotes are typically smaller than eukaryotes, prokaryotic cells can be as small as . 2 micrometers. Small size allows nutrients to reach all parts of cell quickly micrometers: cocci-typically have diameter of 2 micrometer. Some microbiologists have proposed that bacteria smaller than . 2 micrometer exist in nature, cells referred to as nanobacteria. Singular-coccus: plural-cocci, arrangement, coccus-single cells, diplococcus-2 cells, tetrads- packets of 4 cells. Staphylococcus- grapelike cluster of cells: most common shape is rods. Singular - bacillus: plural- bacilli, can be very long & thin or short & fat, occur singly or in chains, spirals, rigid spiral-shaped bacteria are called spirilla (singular-spirillum, vibrio- curved rod. Flexible sprial-shaped bacteria are called spirochetes: microscopy, simple microscopes, one lens, magnify 50-300x, compound microscopes, multiple lenses, much higher magnification, ones in 2051 lab magnify 1000x. Len system of compound microscopes: condenser lens.
