BIOL 2051 Chapter : Chapter 2
Document Summary
1: prokaryotes are generally smaller than eukaryotes. Small size allows nutrients to reach all parts of cell quickly, allows waste out quickly: prokaryotic cells can be as small as 0. 2 m. The smallest eukaryotic cells are 2 m: cocci-shaped bacteria typically has diameter of 2 m. Some microbiologists have proposed that bacteria smaller than 0. 2 m exist in nature, cells referred to as nanobacteria. Simplest shape is spherical singular-coccus (plural-cocci: arrangement: Staphylococcus aureus is an organism which grows in groups. Tetrads- packets of 4 cells: most common shape is rods. Can be very long & thin or short & fat: occur singly or in chains. Spirals: rigid spiral-shaped bacteria are called spirilla (singular-spirillum, vibrio curved rods. Spirochetes- flexible corkscrew shaped cells with multiple curves. Simple microscopes one lens that magnifies 50 300 x: compound microscopes, multiple lenses, much higher magnification ones in 2051 lab magnify 1000x.
