BIOL 1202 Chapter : Ch 26 Study Guide Dr. Gregg 2014

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azuremammoth471

15 Mar 2019

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Chapter 26: phylogeny and the tree of life. Evolutionary history of a species or group of related species. Analytical approach to understanding the diversity and relationships of organisms. Ordered division of organisms into categories based on a set of characteristics used to assess similarities and differences. Ex: postal address -> apartment-> building-> street-> city-> etc: mnemonic devices really help with remember the classification system. Concept 26. 3: shared characters are used to construct phylogenetic trees. Only homologous features construct phylogenetic trees: define a clade. An ancestral species and all of its descendants (qualify as legitimate taxa in cladistics: paraphyletic group. Some of its descendants but not all of them: polyphyletic group. Some of its members have different ancestors: distinguish between shared ancestral characters and shared derived characters. Shared ancestral characters- all organisms in your clade will have this because the common ancestor did.

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Negative assortative mating results in an increased frequency ofhomozygous genotypes within a population.

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Genetic evidence suggests that humans and Neandertals neverinterbred.

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The specific variant of the FOXP2 gene associated with languageacquisition in humans is found in both humans and Neandertals.

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Patterns of evolution can be seen above the species level

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Inbreeding is problematic because it increases the probabilitythat offspring inherit two copies of a recessive mutation thatcauses disease.