BIOL 1201 Chapter : Chapter 5
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Unit 2 Organic Chemistry
Organic compounds vs. Inorganic compounds
What makes a compound organic? Inorganic?
Functional groups (phosphate groups, amino groups, carboxyl groups)
Know the structure of each of these groups, and which organic compounds they are found in. You can draw them for your own use.
Hydrolysis
What is it? What is it used for?
Dehydration synthesis
What is it? What is it used for?
Carbohydrates (Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides and examples)
Know the process of joining two monosaccharides together to create a disaccharide.
Be able to give examples of several monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.
Monosaccharide examples (3) | Disaccharide examples (2) | Complex carbohydrates (3) |
Lipids (Saturated vs. Unsaturated; Phospholipids, Steroids)
Define a saturated fatty acid.
Define an unsaturated fatty acid. Draw if it helps.
What process is used to put the fatty acid chain on a glycerol molecule?
Hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic
Define hydrophilic.
What part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic?
Define hydrophobic.
What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?
Proteins, types and functions
What is a protein composed of, and what does it do?
Amino acids
Name the three parts of the amino acid that come off the common Carbon.
Identify each of the three parts. (Amino Acid ID game)
Peptide Bonds
How are they formed?
What two parts of each amino acid do they join together?
Enzymes - define.
Levels of Protein structure
Complete the chart below.
Protein structure level | definition |
Primary | |
Secondary | |
Tertiary | |
Quarternary |
Protein Denaturation
What is it and how does it happen?
Define what a Solute is.
Define what a solvent is
Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA, ATP)
Nucleotide
Name its three parts and be able to identify each of them on a diagram. (Nucleotide ID game)
What are the two possible sugars used in a nucleotide?
Complete the Table below.
DNA | RNA | ATP | |
What sugar does it have? | |||
What nitrogen bases does it have? | |||
Provide the pairings of the nitrogen bases of each nucleic acid | N/A | ||
What is its structure? |
Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures?
centrioles and motor proteins |
microtubules and motor proteins |
actin filaments and motor proteins |
actin filaments and microtubules |
actin filaments and ribosomes |
Why is water considered a polar molecule?
The negatively charged oxygen atom attracts the positively charged hydrogen atoms. |
The oxygen is found between the two hydrogens. |
It remains liquid even at very low temperatures. |
Both hydrogens are at one end of the molecule, and oxygen is at the other end. |
Its electrons spend more time with its oxygen than with either hydrogen. |
Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes have cells while eukaryotes do not. |
Eukaryotic cells have more intracellular organelles than prokaryotes. |
Prokaryotes are generally larger than eukaryotes. |
Prokaryotes are not able to carry out aerobic respiration, relying instead on anaerobic metabolism. |
Which of the following is not a necessary component of life?
needs energy |
uses DNA for heredity |
breathes oxygen |
irritability |
depends on other living forms |
Lipids _____.
contain less energy than proteins and carbohydrates |
are made by dehydration reactions |
are insoluble in water |
contain sulfur polymers |
are made from glycerol, fatty acids, and nitrogen |
What is biology?
the study of life |
the study of genetics |
the study of biomes |
the study of the environment |
the naming and classifying of species |
_____ is an example of an element.
Methane |
Water |
Carbon |
Salt |
Glucose |
With what are saturated fats saturated?
carbon |
nitrogen |
hydrogen |
phosphorus |
oxygen |
Beryllium's atomic mass is 9, and its atomic number is 4. How many neutrons are found in a beryllium atom?
2 |
5 |
13 |
9 |
4 |
Name of Macronutrient | Subtypes of Macronutrient (Weâve listed the names to provide a framework, but explain what each means) | Food Sources (list food sources broken down by subtype of macronutrient) | Major Functions (make sure to explain each) | Recommended Intake (for you â include your demographic) | Related Health Concerns (be specific regarding how the macronutrient contributes to this health problem) |
Carbohydrates | Monosaccharides Sweet, colorless, crystalline structure which contain one (mono) molecule of sugar (saccharide), with the basic CnH2nOn makeup: are the glucose and Fructose âGalactose; Sucrose, maltose and lactose Polysaccharides is a monosaccharaides bonded togehte (wikibooks). Which are simple? Monosaccharides Which are complex? Polysaccharides Both Monosacharides and Polysaccharides can be good healthy diet( wikkibooks). | Monosaccharides: glucose is found on some fruits, vegetable and honey; fructose is found in fruits, honey and corn syrup ( wikkibook) Polyasacchariders Starch (cereal grains such as wheat, oats, barley, corn rice and their products; cellulose which acts as a dietary fiber(soluble â barley-oats,rye) insoluble fiber whole grains ready to eat cereals and others) and glycogen â a storage form of glucose in the liver and muscle ( Non digestable dietary â cellulose â whole grains- green leatu vegetable; pectin- fruits, carrots, sweet potatoes. Exemple of digestable food â shellfish, animal liver.(nutrient.review,n.d) | |||
Proteins | Essential amino acids Nonessential amino acids | ||||
Lipids | Triglycerides Phospholipids Sterols |
Charts and tables are tools we use in science to break down information analytically and present data in an organized manner. It is a beneficial strategy for learning about and organizing scientific material, which we will be using often in this class. Make sure that you are detailed, thorough, and specific in your responses. Explain yourself clearly. Do not list a word or brief phrase without explaining what it means. For example, if you list diabetes for carbohydrates, make sure you explain how carbs are associated with diabetes. Don't leave the reader to make that connection for you. Also, make sure you provide APA-style references for each of your so