BIOL 1201 Chapter : Biology Chapter 17

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15 Mar 2019
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Tatum and beadle: one gene = one enzyme = one protein the function of a gene is to dictate the production of a specific enzyme. Central dogma: dna rna protein, genes program protein synthesis via genetic messages in the form of messenger rna. Eukaryotic vs. prokaryotic: prokaryotic: because bacteria do not have nuclei, their dna is not separated by nuclear membranes from ribosomes and the other protein-synthesizing equipment. This lack of compartmentalization allows translation of an mrna to begin while its transcription if still in progress: eukaryotic: the nuclear envelope separates transcription from translation in space and time. Transcription occurs in the nucleus, and mrna is then transported to the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. Before rna transcripts from protein-coding genes can leave the nucleus, they are modified in various ways to produce the mrna. The transcription of a protein- coding eukaryotic gene results in pre-mrna, and further processing yields the finished mrna.

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