BIOL 1201 Chapter : Biology 1201 Chapters 6-10
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Abo blood types- a, b, or a and b proteins on blood cells. Passive transport- diffusion across a membrane fig 7. 13 illustrates diffusion: substances diffuse down their concentration gradient (move from high to low concentration, passive transport requires no energy to be expended by the cell. H+ is pumped out by a protein pump) When enzyme and substrate come together, they form enzyme-substrate complex. The active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds. Chemicals that specifically influence the enzyme: inhibitors- slow down reaction fig 8. 17, competitive inhibitors bind to active site and compete with substrate, noncompetitive inhibitors bind away from the active site and decrease activity, ex. Enzymes for cell respriration are only in mitochondria: this is another method of controlling metabolic pathways. Cell theory: all organisms are made of cells, the cell is the simplest matter of life that can be alive. Cell fractionation takes cells apart and separates the major organelles from one another.
