BIOL 1001 Chapter : Ch. 1 Cont. & Ch. 2
Document Summary
Scientific theories: general statements about how things operate, derived through reasoning from detailed facts to general principles, survived thorough challenges, never permanent or final truth , always provisional, subject to change, used to propose hypothesis. What are atoms: basic structural unit of matter, smallest pieces of stuff , protons-positive charge, neutrons-no charge, electrons-negative charge, protons and neutrons are found in nucleus. Octet rule: 1st shell-2 electrons, 2nd shell-8 electrons, 3rd shell-8 electrons. Defined by number of protons, protons=atomic number: 2. Has specific physical and chemical properties: 3. How do atoms interact to form molecules: molecule: consists of 2 or more atoms, compound: molecule composed of a mixture of different atoms. One pair of electrons per bond: 2. If more than 4 in outer shell=desires more electrons (accepts electrons: 5. If less than 4 in outer shell=desires fewer electrons (donates electrons) Chemical bonds (table 2-2) force of attraction between atoms that holds them together as a molecule: 1.
