BIOL 1001 Chapter : Ch 4

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azuremammoth471

15 Mar 2019

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>>>genetic material in cells is deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) Found only in the domains archaea and bacteria. No organelles or internal membranes contains cytosol with membrane- bound organelles. --nucleoid is a dense region of dna in a prokaryotic cell. --cytoplasm is the entire region inside the cell membrane and outside the nucleus in cells that have a nucleus (i. e. , most eukaryotic cells). The inside of the eukaryotic cell is compartmentalized into organelles. --organelles are one of several compartments suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Why compartmental organization? metabolic processes elsewhere in the cell: nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi complex, vesicles, mitochondrion, chloroplasts (in plants) Provide localized environmental conditions necessary for specific metabolic process. Sequester reactions, so they may occur without interference from incompatible. >>>>>the nucleus is the compartment that contains the cell"s genetic library (see figs 4-3, 4- --nucleus is a conspicuous (usually) membrane-bound cellular organelle in eukaryotic cells. The nucleus contains most of the genes that control the cell.

Related Questions

1,Match the descriptions to the type of transport.

- A. B. C.	Water enters a cell because it is hypertonic compared to the extracellular environment, increasing its turgor pressure
- A. B. C.	Water enters guard cells because the guard cells are hypertonic compared to the surrounding cells
- A. B. C.	Potassium ions are pumped into guard cells
- A. B. C.	The motor cells of a Venus fly trap are hypotonic compared to surrounding cells, causing water to leave the motor cells
- A. B. C.	Sugar is loaded into the phloem

A.	Both active and passive transport
B.	Passive Transport
C.	Active transport

2,Describe what is wrong with the following statement and explain why:

All prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain plasma membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, organelles, cytoplasm, and cell walls.

What is short-distance transport?

	a,	The movement of solutes from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration
		b,The movement of water, nutrients, and other substances between cells
c,		The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
d,		The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration.

What terms describe the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water concentration towards a region of low water concentration (and high solute concentration.)

What is found in the proptoplasm?

Cell wall, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, nucleus, and other cell organelles

Plasmodesmata, cell wall, and plasma membrane

Cell wall, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane

Cytoplasm, nucleus, and other cell organelles

The channels that allow nutrients and protoplasm to pass between plant cells are called _________________.

What happens when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and cell lysis will occur

Water will leave the plant cell and the plasma membrane will pull away from the cell and plasmolysis will occur

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and push against the cell wall

Water will leave the plant cell and the plant cell will lose turgor pressure, causing the plant to wilt

________________ transport uses cellular energy.

What molecules make plasma cell membranes hydrophilic on the outside and hydrophobic on the inside?

What type of cells do plants have?

		Bacterial
		Archaeic
		Eukaryotic
		Prokaryotic

Please answer the following three essay questions.

All living cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, have thefollowing cell structures: plasma membrane, cytosol, ribosomes, andat least one chromosome. Choose any one of these. Describe itsbasic structure (including molecular composition) as well as thefunction. Explain why a cell could not exist without thefunction(s) performed by this cell structure.
Cells can be categorized as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic.Only bacterial cells are prokaryotic. For question two, answer anyone of the following comparison questions. Be sure to compare bothmolecular (physical) structure and function in each answer.
1. Compare the nucleoid area (prokaryotic) to a nucleus(eukaryotic)? How do they differ; how are they similar?
2. Compare the bacterial flagellum (prokaryotic) to an animal cellflagellum (eukaryotic)? How do they differ; how are theysimilar?
3. Compare a bacterial cell wall (prokaryotic) to a plant cellwall (eukaryotic)? How do they differ; how are they similar?
Eukaryotic cells (in plants, animals, fungi, and algae) arebigger than prokaryotic (bacterial) cells. This bigger size allowseukaryotic cells to have more structural complexity.

Choose any one of the following eukaryotic cell structures for ashort essay:

Mitochondrion
Cytoskeleton
Golgi apparatus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosome
Chloroplast (found only in photosynthetic cells)

In your answer, describe its basic structure (includingmolecular composition) as well as the function. Why is the functionimportant to keeping the cell alive?
Provide references in APA format. This includes a reference listand in-text citations for references used throughout theassignment.

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What are the three components of the cell theory?

Of what is the cell membrane is mainly composed?

TRUE or FALSE: A prokaryotic cell has a nucleus.

TRUE or FALSE: An eukaryotic cell does not have membrane-bounded organelles.

Most organelles can be found in both in plants and animals. What three organelles are unique to plants?

What organelles can only be found in animal cells?

Which of the following contains digestive enzymes?

TRUE or FALSE: In most mammals, the DNA found in mitochondria is inherited from the mother only.

TRUE or FALSE: Flagella are not found on eukaryotic cells.

How do phospholipids interact with water to form the cell membrane?

TRUE or FALSE: All living things have a plasma membrane and a cell wall.

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

What is the example of potential energy that was given in the lecture notes?

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

What is entropy?

What is an exergonic reaction?

What is an endergonic reaction?

TRUE or FALSE: An enzyume is an organic molecule (usually a protein) that catalyzes a cellular reaction.

How does an enzyme work?

What is the region of an enzyme that binds the substrate?

TRUE or FALSE: Phagocytosis is an example of bulk transport.

TRUE or FALSE: Osmosis involves the movement of water only.

What is competitive inhibition?

What is non-competitive inhibition?

What is the energy currency of our bodies?

How do particles move in passive transport?

How do particles move in active transport?

Which type of plastid stores starch?

The largest amount of DNA is localized to the ________ in both bacteria and archaea.

Which organelle creates the lysosome?

Which component of the endomembrane system modifies proteins?

Which is the hereditary material of life?

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down ingested bacteria?

In non-competitive inhibition (allosteric regulation), where does the inhibitor bind?

According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can neither be ________ nor ________ .

BIOL 1001 Chapter : Ch 4

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