BIOL 1001 Chapter : Ch 5 Pt 2

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azuremammoth471

15 Mar 2019

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Chapter 5 cell membranes part 2 of 2. Cells need to move molecules against a concentration gradient (from low concentration to high concentration) This requires energy because it fighting diffusion. (like pumping water uphill) Active transport of solutes against a concentration gradient: fig. Active transport is an energy-requiring process during which a transport protein pumps a molecule across a membrane against its concentration gradient. Used to maintain ion gradients- (e. g. , ca2+ ions) *energy is also required for endocytosis and exocytosis. -endocytosis is the cellular uptake of large molecules (a. k. a. macromolecules) and particulate substances (food) by the localized pinching off of a region of the plasma membrane to form a vesicle. Endocytosis, the transport of large molecules: phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis. 1) phagocytosis - (large particles) (cell eating) is the endocytosis of solid particles. Fig 5. 14: pinocytosis - (small particles cell drinking) is the endocytosis of fluid droplets fig.

Related Questions

1 Which of the following statements is false?

(a) CO₂ and O₂ can diffuse freely across the cell membranes.

(b) The differences in permeability between artificial lipid bilayers and cell membranes arise from variations in phospholipid content.

(d) Cells expend energy in the form of ATP hydrolysis to maintain ion concentrations that differ from those found outside the cell.

2 Cells use membranes to help maintain set ranges of ion concentrations inside and outside the cell. Which of the following ions is the most abundant inside a typical mammalian cell?

(a) Na⁺

(b) K⁺

(d) Cl^â

3 Pumps are transporters that are able to harness energy provided by other components in the cells and drive the movement of solutes across membranes, against their concentration gradient. This type of transport is called _____________.

(a) active transport.

(b) free diffusion.

(d) passive transport.

harlequinbuffalo618

During active transport in the neuron, the outside of the cell is _________________ and the inside is _______________.

positive, negative

more positive, less positive

more negative, less negative

negative, positive

In active transport, _____________ provides the energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

nucleus

potassium

sodium

adenosine triphosphate

________________ proteins can change shape when moving substances across the membrane.

Proteins that can be open or closed, based on different conditions, are called ___________.

bypass proteins

channel proteins

selective proteins

gated

Tunnels that allow charged ions to move easily across the plasma membrane without the use of energy are called ____________________.

channel proteins

glycolypipd proteins

phospholipid proteins

carbohydrate chains

____________ and ____________ make it easier for molecules to move across the plasma membrane.

small, negatively charged

small, positively charged

small, no charge

large, negatively charged

large, positively charged

A hypertonic solution has a higher level of solutes so the water moves out of the cells to the surroundings

A hypotonic solution has a higher level of solutes so the water moves out of the cells to the surroundings

The salt and water solution in the potato is a hypotonic solution

Osmosis is the movement of large molecules across a membrane which require embedded proteins

The plain water in this experiment is the solvent and the salt is the solute.

Passive transport requires no energy and the molecules move with the concentration gradient or from high concentration to low concentration

Active transport required no energy and the molecules move with the concentration gradient or from high concentration to low concentration.

The water on the inside of the potato with the salt molecules is an isotonic solution the same as the solution on the outside of the potato.

Water will not move by simple diffusion (osmosis) into or out of cells it requires energy or protein transporters

The solution of salt water in the potato has a lower concentration of water molecules so the water on the outside should move into the cells

BIOL 1001 Chapter : Ch 5 Pt 2

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