BIOL 1001 Chapter : BIOL 1001 Chapter 13
Document Summary
Biotechnology is applied biology: modern focus on genetic engineering, recombinant dna technology, and analysis of biomolecules. Traditional (historical) applications of biotechnology date back to over 10,000 years ago: use of yeast to produce beer and wine in egypt and near east, selective breeding of plants, selective breeding of animals. Genetic engineering refers to the modification of genetic material to achieve specific goals. Genes are isolated, modified, and inserted into an organism. Made possible by recombinant technology: cut dna up and recombine pieces, amplify modified pieces, various techniques used to accomplish this, modified animals are called transgenic or genetically modified organisms (gmos) Hamilton smith was studying how haemophilus influenza defend themselves from bacteriophage attack. Discovered bacteria have an enzyme that chops up viral dna. Restriction enzymes cut dna at a specific sequence. Number of cuts made in dna will depend on number of times the target sequence occurs. For example: 5" att att 3" ecorl.
