ANTH 2050 Chapter : Anth 2050 E3b
Document Summary
The archaic period in north america: equivalent to mesolithic in europe, period of intensive foraging, ca 8,000-1,000 bc, varies from region to region, ends with the adoption of farming, overall, relatively small-scale societies with some exceptions, moundbuilders. 3/21/2011 5:08:00 pm: political unit governed by a central authority whose power crosscuts bonds of kinship, new axis of control emerges based on allegiances to ruling elite, state=new degree of social complexity, scale, differentiation, intensification, integration. Neo-evolutionary classifications: a state: elman service 1962, 1975, chiefdom, definition: carneiro 1981. State (after chiefdom: political unit governed by a central authority whose power crosscuts bonds of kinship, state formation, six classic theories, urban revolution. V. gordon childe: 1930-1950: marxist, emphasized change through economies. The appearance of farming was critical to his theory. Three elements: metallurgy, full time specialists, cities. Have to have irrigation to develop larger populations and sustain them. Intensify and support large and dense populations.
