NURS 3331 Chapter Notes - Chapter 57: Lactation, Pancreatic Islets, Sulfonylurea
Document Summary
Characteristics of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Reduced early in the disease and completely absent later. Insulin replacement is mandatory, along with strict dietary control. Treat with an oral ant diabetic or non- insulin injectable agent and/or insulin. Levels fluctuate widely is response to infection, exercise, and changes in caloric intake and insulin dose. Levels are generally more stable than in type 1 diabetes. Usually thin and undernourished at diagnosis frequently obese. Gestational diabetes: diabetes that appears in the pregnant patient during pregnancy and then subsides rapidly after delivery. Prediabetes: impaired fasting plasma glucose, impaired glucose tolerance. Primary goal is to prevent long term complications. Glycemic control: accomplished with an integrated program of diet, self- monitoring of blood glucose, physical activity, and insulin replacement. Proper diet, balanced by insulin replacement, is the cornerstone of treatment. Regular physical activity should be a part of management. Lifestyle changes + metformin + 2 other drugs.
