PSY-B - Psychology PSY-B 320 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5.1,5.2: Choline Acetyltransferase, Acetyl-Coa, Tyrosine Hydroxylase
9 Feb 2017
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Three classes of neurotransmitters: small-molecule transmitters, peptide transmitters, transmitter gases. Two important enzymes are involved: acetyl coenzyme a , choline acetyltransferase (chat: breakdown of acetylcholine. Any enzyme that is in limited supply, thus restricting the pace at which a chemical can be synthesized. Example: tyrosine hydroxylase in amine synthesis: amino acid transmitters. Gaba is formed by a simple modification of the glutamate molecule. A multifunctional chain of amino acids that act as a neurotransmitter. Synthesized from (cid:373)rna o(cid:374) i(cid:374)stru(cid:272)tio(cid:374)s fro(cid:373) the (cid:272)ell"s dna. Do not bind to ion channels; do not have direct effects on the voltage of the postsynaptic membrane. Transmitter gases: neither stored in synaptic vesicles nor released from them, synthesized in cell, as needed, easily diffuse away and cross the cell membrane, examples: Carbon monoxide (co) activates metabolic processes in cells. Nitric oxide (no) one function is to dilate blood vessels in active brain regions and organs so that more blood can be received.
