BISC 1112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 22: Antibiotics, James Hutton, Carl Linnaeus
Document Summary
Chapter 22 (462-473, 477-478: viewed species as fixed and unchanging, recognized affinities and concluded that life-forms could be arranged on a ladder of increasing complexity. Ladder of increasing complexity is now called scala naturae. Ideas about change over time: fossils- remains of organisms in the past. Many are found in sedimentary rock form from the sand and mud that settle in waters (seas, lakes, etc. ) Strata- new layers of sediment cover older ones and compress them into superimposed layers of rock. Fossils in a specific strata provide a view of some of the organisms: paleontology- study of fossils around at the time that layer formed. Georges cuvier- noted that the older the stratum, the more dissimilar its fossils were to current life-forms and some new species appeared while other disappeared. The disappearance of organisms between strata led him to conclude that each boundary between strata represented a sudden catastrophic event (comet, flood, etc. )
