BIOL 4471 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Selfishness, Kin Recognition, Reciprocal Altruism
Document Summary
Chapter 13 social behavior and sociality: collective behaviors ~ synchronized movement of individuals following series of basic interaction rules. Mutual benefit: postponed cooperation both pay cost. Altruism and reciprocity: altruism unselfish or self sacrificial behavior, rare among nonkin, reciprocal altruism ~ individuals helps generally return favors they receive eventually. If initial direct fitness cost of helping is modest but delayed direct fitness benefit from receiving returned favor is on average greater, then selection can favor being helpful in first case. Indirect reciprocity ~ when third party observers witness helpful act and are more likely to help those that have helped others: prisoner"s dilemma ~ problem of defection is illustrated in this game theoretical model. Noncooperative social behaviors: selfishness and spite: kleptoparasitism ~ stealing food from others, kin recognition ~ central to evolution of cooperative behaviors among relatives; vocalizations and olfactory cues can play role.
