BIOL 2344 Chapter Notes - Chapter 29: Reproductive Isolation, Molecular Evolution, Species Problem
Document Summary
Darwin"s experiences allowed him to propose the theory of evolution: adaptive evolution ~ evolution that occurs due to natural selection, 1. Each species is established using characteristics and histories that distinguish it from other. Phylogenetic tree depicts evolutionary relationships among different species: monophyletic group / clade ~ groups of species consisting of all descendants of group"s most common ancestor. Maximum likelihood approach and bayesian methods are used to discriminate among possible. Molecular clocks can be used to date divergence of species: molecular clock ~ use of rate of neutral or nearly neutral mutations as tool to measure evolutionary time. Evolution is associated with changes in chromosome structure and number. Synteny groups contain same groups of linked genes: synteny groups ~ groups of linked genes found in chromosomes of two or more species. In addition to vertical evolution, horizontal gene transfer has played an important role in evolution of life on earth.
