CHEM 211 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7.15-7.16: Quinoline, Alkene, Retrosynthetic Analysis
8 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Usually one or two moles of hydrogen add to alkynes to form alkenes. Hydrogenation of alkynes into alkenes can be done through use of catalysts as well: there are special methods to form either e or z alkenes from disubstituted alkynes. Syn addition of hydrogen: synthesis of cis-alkenes: syn addition of hydrogen occurs in the presence of nickel boride compound called. The alkene formed from p-2 is a z/cis con gured alkene: another catalyst that forms cis/z alkenes is lindlar"s catalyst = h2,p pd/caco3 in lead acetate and quinoline solvent conditioner. Anti addition of hydrogen: synthesis of trans-alkenes: occurs when lithium or sodium metal in nh3/ethylamine(etnh2) at low temperature is mixed with alkynes. Radical anion = a negatively charged molecule with one unpaired electrons. Trans-vinylic anions are formed more easily because they are more stable (bulky groups are further apart) Two types of synthesis transformations: 1. converting functional groups from one to another, 2. creating new carbon-carbon bonds.
