BIOL 117 Chapter Notes - Chapter 45: Extracellular Fluid, Autocrine Signalling, Endocrine System
Document Summary
The body"s long-distance regulators: hormone: chemical signal released into body, endocrine system: all of an animal"s hormone secreting cells, endocrine glands : hormone-secreting organs. Endocrine glands thus contrast with exocrine glands, such as salivary glands, which have ducts that carry secreted substances onto body surfaces or into body cavities: the polypeptide hormone insulin is made up of two polypeptide chains. Like most hormones in this group, insulin is formed by cleavage of one long polypeptide chain. Cytokines and growth factors; nitric oxide: immune system, Proliferation/differentiation: the gas nitric oxide (no) functions in the body as both a neurotransmitter and a local regulator, a group of local regulators called prostaglandins are modified fatty acids. It stimulates pigment production in the skin: three other anterior pituitary hormones act primarily or exclusively as tropic hormones: follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh), luteinizing hormone (lh), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth). 45. 4: endocrine glands respond to diverse stimuli in regulating homeostasis, development, and behavior.
