NSCI 1321 Chapter 8: General Chem Chapter 8
15 Feb 2017
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Electron spin and the pauli exclusion principle (8. 1) First observed in 1921, by otto stern and walther gerlach. An electron configuration of an atom is a particular distribution of electrons among the available subshells. Orbital diagram is a diagram to show how the orbitals of a sub-shell are occupied by electrons. Pauli exclusion principle: no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers. It follows from this that an orbital can hold no more than two electrons and can hold two only if they have different spin quantum numbers. That means that within one orbital, electrons must have opposite spin. It also means that one orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons (with opposite spin). An s subshell, with one orbital, can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. A p subshell, with three orbitals, can hold a maximum of 6 electrons. A d subshell, with five orbitals, can hold a maximum of 10 electrons.
