BIOL 141 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Aldehyde, Chemical Formula, Chitin
27 Oct 2017
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Document Summary
Carbohydrate (sugar): any class of molecules that contain a carbonyl group, several hydroxyl groups, and multiple carbon-hydrogen bonds. Monosaccharide: a molecule that has the molecular formula (ch2o)n and cannot be hydrolyzed to form any smaller carbohydrates; aka simple sugar; literally means one-sugar Oligosaccharide: a linear or branched carbohydrate chain generally consisting of fewer than 50 monosaccharides joined by glyosidic linkages. Polysaccharide: a linear or branched carbohydrate chain consisting of many (greater than 50) monosaccharaides joined by glyosidic linkages (ch2o)n, where n indicates the number of carbon-hydrate[water] groups. Made up of a carbonyl group (c=o), several hydroxyl groups ( oh), and multiple carbon-hydrogen bonds (c h) Formaldehyde (ch2o) fits the pattern of carbohydrates (with an n of 1), but does not contain a hydroxyl group, so it is not a carbohydrate. Sugars provide chemical energy in cells and make up some of the molecular building blocks needed to synthesize larger, more complex compounds.
