ANTH 2200 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Crop Rotation, Social Inequality, Pastoralism
Document Summary
Foraging: foraging - hunting, gathering, and fishing - depends on wild plants and animals and is the oldest human food-getting technology, people in most foraging societies live in small communities that are nomadic or seminomadic. These societies tend to have higher population densities, food storage, occupational specialization, resource ownership, slavery, and competitiveness. Food production: horticultural societies grow crops of all kinds with relatively simple tools and methods and do not permanently cultivate fields. Many also hunt or fish; a few are nomadic for part of the year. Horticultural societies tend to be larger, more sedentary, and more densely populated than foragers, and they tend to exhibit the beginnings of social differentiation. Intensive agricultural societies use techniques that enable them to cultivate fields permanently, including fertilization, crop rotation, irrigation, and plowing under stubble. They tend to be found in drought-prone regions. People in pastoral societies mostly live in small communities that are typically nomadic or seminomadic.
