PHYS 102 Chapter 23: Sears & Zemansky's University Physics with Modern Physics 14th Edition: Chapter 23 Notes

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blackgiraffe178

1 Feb 2017

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When a charged particle moves in an electric field, the field exerts a force that can do work on the particle. This can be expressed in terms of electric potential energy. Electric potential energy depends on the position of the charged particle in the electric field. The difference in potential from one point to another is often called voltage. Wa b = (cid:1832) (cid:1856) (cid:3029)(cid:3028) = (cid:1832)(cid:1855)(cid:1856) (cid:3029)(cid:3028: work done by a force, dl is an infinitesimal displace(cid:373)e(cid:374)t alo(cid:374)g the pa(cid:396)ti(cid:272)le"s path a(cid:374)d is the angle between f and dl at each point along the path. If the force f is conservative, the work done by f can always be expressed interms of a potential energy u. Wa b = - u: where u is the change in potential energy. Ka + ua = kb + ub: total mechanical energy is conserved if only conservative forces do work.

Related Questions

Consider two points in an electric field. The potential at point 1, V 1 is 31 V. The potential at point 2, V 2 is 168 V. A proton is moved from point 1 to point 2.

a) Write an equation for the change of the electric potential energy Δ U of the proton, in terms of the symbol given and the charge of the proton e.

b) Solve for the numerical value of the change of the electric potential energy in electron volts (eV).

c) How much work is done by the electric force during the motion of the proton in J?

raspberrymarten518

A charge q that moves between two points A and B, and has anelectric force acting on it ( and perhaps several other forces) haswork W done on it by the electric force. The electrostatic force isconservative and so we can define a change in electric potentialenergy, Delta U = -W. We defined electric field using the relationF^^\-> = q E^^\->, and in a similar way we define electricpotential commonly called voltage as
Delta V = V_B - V_A = -W/q=(Delta U)/q or equivalently q Delta V =q (V_B - V_A) = -W=Delta U

A ball has mass 3.0 Âµg and charge -6 nC moves from point A to pointB. It has the same speed at points A and B, and the work done bythe electric field during the move is -1.5 mJ.
(a) What is the change in electric potential energy of the ball?1
(b) What is the change in voltage between points A and B? 2
(c) At which point does the ball have a higher electric potentialenergy?
(d) Which point has the higher voltage?
(e) Has the kinetic energy of the ball changed?

A particle of charge +3.0 x 10-8 is in a unifrom electric fielddirected to the left. It is released from rest and moves a distanceof 5.0 cm and its kinetic energy is increased by +4.5 x -4 J.

a) What is the work fone by the electric force? units?

b) What is the magnitude of the electric field? units?

c)What is the electric potential of the starting point relative tothe endpoint of the path? units?

Use symbols for the units.

PHYS 102 Chapter 23: Sears & Zemansky's University Physics with Modern Physics 14th Edition: Chapter 23 Notes

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