BIOMG 1350 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3, 4: Chief Operating Officer, Lysozyme, Carboxypeptidase
6 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
The acceleration of the specific chemical reactions needed to sustain life: chemical reactions proceed in the direction that causes a loss of free energy. Harnessed to do work or drive chemical reactions. Spontaneous direction for any reaction is direction that goes downhill : enzymes reduce the energy needed to initiate spontaneous reactions. Molecules requires a boost over an energy barrier before undergoing a chemical reaction that moves it to a lower energy state. Boost=activation energy: aided by specialized proteins called enzymes, binds tightly to one or two molecules, holds them in a way to reduce activation energy. Catalyst: substance that can lower activation energy, increase rate of chemical reactions. Much larger proportion of random collisions with surrounding molecules to kick substrate over barrier: enzymes can speed up to a factor of 10^14. Highly selective enzymes: one particular reaction (unlike temperature) Amount of disorder created in the universe.
