HomeTextbook Notes300,000US110,000

BIOL 084 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Soltyrei, Exponential Growth, Ecological Succession

45 views7 pages

indigolocust247

15 Oct 2016

School

Clark University

Department

Course

Professor

Professor Becker

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Must live in moist environments because they have no root or xylem and must absorb water by diffusion tiny because they lack the lignin-fortified tissue necessary to support tall plants on land. Tracheophytes transport vessels, xylem, and phloem ancient seedless plants, reproduce by spores. Modern plants, reproduce by seed gymnosperms conifers, cone-bearing plants survive under dry conditions angiosperms flowering plants. Waxy coating on leaves (cutin) prevents excess water loss gametangia: protective jacket of cells that prevents gametes and zygotes from drying out. Sporopollenin: tough polymer resistant to most kinds of environmental damage and protects plants in a harsh terrestrial environment seeds and pollen have protective coat that prevents desiccation disperse offspring reduction of primitive gametophyte (n) generation. Roots secondary growth lateral growth or an increase girth cells provided by lateral meristem absorb nutrients from the soil, anchor the plant, and store food.

Related Documents

NSCI 1413 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Root Pressure, Endoderm, Circadian Rhythm

BIOL-1507EL Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Devonian, Gametangium, Charophyta

BIOL 2004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Seed Dormancy, Bryophyte, Phloem

Related Questions

1. Select the true statements concerning tracheids.

	Tracheids are responsible foranchoring the plant to a substrate.
	Pterophytes lack tracheids but haveeuphylls.
	Without tracheids colonization ofland would not have been possible.
	All of the large dominant extantland plants are tracheophytes.
	Tracheids allow for efficienttransport of water over longer distances.

2. Plants lacking well-developed conducting systems such asmosses, liverworts, and hornworts have been called

angiosperms.

3.Select the true statements concerning gametophytes andsporophytes.

Both produce gametes.

Sporophytes are alwaysnutritionally dependent on the gametophytes.

Across all plant speciesgametophytes tend to remain small.

Only sporophytes produce eggs.

Antheridia are located on the gametophyte.

4. A waxy cuticle helps prevents desiccation. What is the costof this adaptation?

Slower H₂Otransport

Reduced gas permeability

Lowered light absorption

Increased exposure to damaging UVradiation

Increased susceptibility to pathogenic infection

5.Select the best answer to complete the following statement.Stomata are openings used by plants for the passage of

carbon dioxide, oxygen, and watervapor.

only carbon dioxide and spores orgametes.

only carbon dioxide and watervapor.

only carbon dioxide andpollen.

only oxygen and carbon dioxide.

6.One of the main distinctions between charophytes and landplants is the possession of a cuticle. Why do modern charophyteslack a cuticle?

Their tough seed coats negate theneed for a cuticle.

Cuticles aren't necessary whenliving in water.

Modern Charophytes make up for theabsence of a cuticle by have large numbers of stomata.

Charophytes have a haplodiplontic life cycle.

7.Select the following plant adaptations for the terrestrialenvironment that are correctly listed by their function.

Stomata allow for gas exchangebetween the plant and the atmosphere.

Tracheids protect againstdesiccation.

Stomata transport water aroundplant body.

Tracheids transport water and minerals around the plantbody.

8.What would be the simplest way for a non-botanist to confirmthat the fern is not a small palm?

Height, all ferns are verysmall

Lack of roots, palms have roots butferns do not

Leaf shape, only ferns havedissected leaves

Dots on the underside of the leaf, only ferns have sporangiaunder their fronds

9.Select the true statements relating to the colonization ofland by plants.

Desiccation is a much more commonproblem in terrestrial environments.

Cuticle layers reduce gasexchange.

Xylem tissue, seeds and stomata arefound on both plants and charophytes.

Without trachids land plant would not have been to able to growmore than just a meter or so tall.

10.Survival on land for organisms is difficult because of theproblem of

spore germination.

syngamy.

11. Well-developed vascular systems are absent in all of thefollowing except

Pterophytes.

12. Bryophytes, like ferns and certain other tracheophyteplants, require

soil to reproduce sexually.

water to reproduce sexually.

sunlight to reproducesexually.

air to reproduce sexually.

shade to reproduce sexually.

13.Plant success on the terrestrial landscape is linked to theevolution of all of the following except

	gas-filled air spaces.
	stems.
	specialized reproductivefeatures.
	specialized roots.
	increased area for photosynthesisin the leaves.

violetantelope136