CHDV 23249 Chapter 1: Notes on Helbig Reading

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Inheritance on migratory direction in a bird species: Birds can find their way to migratory areas. Hand-raised birds: migratory directions is genetic based. Cross-breeding experiment with blackcap populations with different migratory patterns. In summary, study shows genetic basis for migratory patterns. Birds fly solo and meet up with groups in winter-migratory areas. Hand-raised birds chose southern migratory direction in lab (without looking at natural sky) Geomagnetic field and rotational center of earth. Some experiments: directional information has genetic basis. This study: migratory and sedentary blackcaps (both differ in their migratory patterns) Materials and methods: these birds are nocturnal migrators. Raising test birds and orientation tests: 50 nesting groups, birds raised independently, exposed to natural day and night skies, birds were mixed and breeded, offspring were also hand raised independently. Data analysis and statistics: birds scratched on paper on cage when they were taken outside, more southern than northern direction choice, four groups.

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