LINGUIS 100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Bound And Unbound Morphemes, Part Of Speech, Synthetic Language
Document Summary
The mental dictionary that language users have internalized as part and parcel of acquiring their particular language = lexicon. Form - what a word sounds like when spoken. Meaning - what a word means: derivation. Apart from having a certain phonological form and a meaning, words also belong to lexical categories/parts of speech- classes of words that differ in how other words can be constructed out of them (verbs, adjectives, nouns, adverbs). Adjectives can have -ness or -est, -ly to make an adverb. These are also called open lexical categories because new words added to the language usually belong to these categories. In contrast, closed lexical categories rarely acquire new members. These include pronouns, determiners(a, the, this, your), prepositions and conjunctions (and, or but). For example, cat is obviously a shorter word than catty, the meaning of catty also seems to be based on the meaning of cat.
