PSC 433 Chapter 10: Central Nervous System Stimulants
17 Feb 2019
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Central nervous system stimulants: psychomotor stimulants: amphetamine, atomoxetine, caffeine, cocaine, methylphenidate, Modafinil, nicotine, theobromine, theophylline: hallucinogens: lysergic acid diethylamide (lsd), phencyclidine (pcp), rimonabant, Psychomotor stimulants: methylxanthines, theophylline (found in tea), theobromine (found in cocoa), and caffeine, cns: the caffeine contained in one to two cups of coffee causes a decrease in fatigue and. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase, and blockade of adenosine receptors. increased mental alertness. Consumption of 1,5 g caffeine (12-15 cups) produces anxiety and tremors. The spinal cord is stimulated only by very high doses (2-5 g) of caffeine. Theophylline has now been largely replaced in the treatment of asthma: pharmacokinetics: po, crosses bbb and placenta, se: moderate doses cause insomnia, anxiety and agitation. A high dose is required for toxicity, which is manifested by emesis and convulsions. Caffeine plus ergot alkaloid (ergotamine) are used to treat migraine headaches. The lethal dose is about 10 g of caffeine (about 100 cups), which induces cardiac arrhythmias.
