BIOL 2021 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13.4: Phagocytosis, Autophagosome, Pinocytosis
28 Jan 2018
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Lysosome: membrane-enclosed organelles filled with soluble hydrolytic enzymes that digest macromolecules. Endosomes are an intermediate between the golgi and lysosomes. Functions of lysosomes: digestion of macromolecules, contains hydrolytic enzymes, require a low ph (~5. 0) for acid hydrolases: hydrolases work best at an acidic ph. V-type atpase in the membrane acidifies the inside of the lysosome by pumping in hydrogen molecules. Transport proteins in the membrane carry digested products to the cytosol that. A: lysosomal enzymes are acid hydrolases with optimal ph of 5. 0. The cytosol is a ph of 7. 2, and the lysosomal enzymes would be inactive. A: an energy source for transport of metabolites across the membrane. Plant and fungal vacuoles are fluid-filled organelles that are like lysosomes. Used for storage, degradation, osmotic pressure and cell size regulation. Digested enzymes from the er go through the golgi and are delivered to vesicles called endosomes, which become lysosomes. Endosomes turn into lysosomes when you have enough enzymes (maturation)
