PS366 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Phoneme, Phrase Structure Rules, Transformational Grammar
Document Summary
In english we use svo, subject-verb-object, the boy chased the girl. There are both meaningful and meaningless words formed together to create sentences, in spoken language these meaningless elements are individual speech sounds. Phones are speech sounds, ie p" said in pill has aspiration, puff of air, as spill does not. Phonemes are differences in sound that make a contribution to meaning, ie b/d. Distinctive features is a characteristic of a speech sound whose presence or absence distinguished the sound from other sounds, phoneme b is + voicing, p is negative voicing. We use words to use different forms of the same words. The smallest meaningful unit of a language isreferred to as a morpheme, ie bedroom is. 2 morphemes, free morphemes stand alone while bound morphemes contribute to workd meaning but are not words themselves. We can break down sentences into groups of words, phase structure rules specify permissible sequences of constituents in a language.
