PP201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3-4: Venn Diagram, Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens
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Conditional statement: one in which it is claimed that something is or will be the case provided that some other situation obtains, sometimes called hypothetical statements. Example: only roses have thorns being a rose is necessary for having thorns. Consequent (comes after): second part that follows the word then example: if. I win the lottery, then i will retire to the bahamas. Conditional arguments: use necessary and suf cient conditions to justify conclusion. Therefore not p: bad arguments, deny the suf cient condition example: if p then q. Not p. therefore not q: af rm the necessary condition example: if p the q. q. All conditional arguments have two main premises and a conclusion. One premise states necessary and suf cient conditions ( rst identify this), other premise af rms or denies one of the conditions (then determine this) Conditional indicator words: if then, if, only if, all, only, unless.
