EC120 Chapter Notes - Chapter 15: Deadweight Loss, Price Discrimination, Marginal Revenue

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16 Feb 2017
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EC120 Full Course Notes
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Competitive firm is a price taker, monopoly firm is a price maker. Monopoly: firm that is the sole seller of a product without close substitutes. Monopoly remains the only seller in its market because other firms cannot enter the market and compete with it. Firms exhibit substantial market power over key inputs. Patents and copyright laws are two important examples of how government creates monopoly to serve the public interest. Natural monopoly: single firm can supply a good or service to an entire market at a smaller cost than could two or more firms: occurs when there are economies of scale over the relevant range output. Less concerned about new entrants eroding its monopoly power. A firm has trouble maintaining a monopoly without ownership of a key resource or government protection. Key difference: monopoly can influence the price of its output. Profit maximization by competitive firms, the market price is drawn as a horizontal line, perfectly elastic.

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