EC120 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Midpoint Method, Demand Curve

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16 Feb 2017

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Elasticity: measure of the responsiveness of quantity demanded or quantity supplied to one of its determinants. The price elasticity of demand and its determinants. Inelastic: quantity demanded responds only slightly to changes in the price: availability to close substitutes. Goods with close substitutes tend to have more elastic demand, it is easier for consumers to switch from that good to others: necessities versus luxuries. Necessities are usually inelastic, luxuries are elastic: definition of the market. Narrowly defined markets tend to have more elastic demand than broadly defi(cid:374)ed (cid:373)arkets (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause it"s easier to fi(cid:374)d (cid:272)loser su(cid:271)stitutes i(cid:374) a (cid:374)arrowly defined good: time horizon. Goods tend to have more elastic demand over longer time horizons. Price elasticity of demand = percentage change in quantity demanded/ percentage change in price. Percentage change in quantity will have the opposite sign as the percentage change in price. Larger price elasticity implies a greater responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in price.

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Discussion #1

The law of demand states that a fall in the price of a good raises the quantity demanded, and the increase in price leads to a decrease in quantity demanded. The price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to a change in price. Demand for a good is said to be elastic if the quantity demanded responds substantially to changes in the price, and the percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price. Demand is said to be inelastic if the quantity demanded responds only slightly to changes in the price, which indicates that the percentage in price is greater than the percentage in quantity demanded.

However, the extent of responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price depends on the nature of a particular good or service in the market. The price elasticity of demand partly depends on the availability of close substitutes. When a large number of substitutes are available, consumers respond to a higher price of a good by buying more of the substitute goods and less of the relatively more expensive good. In addition, goods or services that are considered necessities tend to have less elastic (more inelastic) demand, whereas goods or services that are considered luxuries have more elastic (less inelastic) demands.

Explain why the demand for the good or service provided by the organization you work for is elastic or inelastic. How does this influence pricing decisions?
Provide examples on how the availability of close substitutes affects price elasticity of demand.
Give specific examples of necessities or luxuries, and explain how they affect price elasticity of goods or services.

Please answer ALL bulletins and place the answers under the correct bulletin.

Explain why the demand for the good or service provided by a firm is elastic or inelastic. How does the elastic or inelastic demand influence pricing decisions by the firm to maximize profit? What are the impacts of elastic demand and inelastic demand on total revenue?

Provide examples of how the availability of close substitutes affects the price elasticity of demand for a good or service.

Give specific examples of necessities or luxuries, and explain how they affect price elasticity of goods or services.

salmonlouse248

interval (or arc) elasticity

cross-price elasticity

price elasticity of demand

elastic demand

income elasticity

inelastic demand

inframarginal units

marginal revenue

point elasticity

price effect

quantity effect

total revenue

unitary elastic demand

1. __________________ A measure of consumersâ sensitivity or responsiveness to changes in the price of a good or service.

2. ___________________ When the percentage change in price (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value).

3. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

4. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is just equal to the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

5. ___________________ Total amount paid to a producer for a good or service P * Q.

6. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in price, holding quantity constant.

7. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in quantity, holding price constant.

8. ___________________ An elasticity calculated over an interval of a demand curve or demand schedule.

9. ___________________ Elasticity at a specific price or point on a demand curve.

10. ___________________ A measure of how responsive quantity demanded is to a change in income, all other things constant.

11. ___________________ A measure showing how responsive the quantity demanded of one good is to changes in the price of another good, other factors constant.

12. ___________________ The additional revenue received by producing and selling one more unit of output.

13. ___________________ Units of output that could have been sold at a higher price had the firm not lowered its price to sell additional (marginal) units.

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EC120 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Midpoint Method, Demand Curve

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