Sociology 2140 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Social Inequality, Meritocracy, International Inequality
25 Sep 2016
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Meritocracy a nation where the best person can rise to the top in any situation, despite his or her antecedents (social background) High-income nations countries with highly industrialized economies, technologically advanced, relatively high levels of national and per capita (per person) income. Middle-income nations countries changing from agrarian to industrial economies. Can be divided into upper-middle-income and lower-middle-income economies. Low-income nations are primarily agrarian countries that have little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income. Absolute poverty a condition that exists when people do not have the means to secure the most basic necessities of life (food, clothing and shelter) Relative poverty a condition that exists when people can afford basic necessities such as food, clothing and shelter but cannot maintain an average standard of living in comparison to that of other members of their society or group.
