Nursing 1180A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Carbohydrate, Lecithin, Glucose
29 Jun 2016
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Primary nutrients: essential for optimal body function, include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and major electrolytes, building blocks for tissue maintenance and repair, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are sources of energy for the body. Fats yield 9 cal/g, while proteins and carbohydrates yield 4 cal/g: vitamins and minerals also play key roles in cellular function, water serves many vital functions within the body; essential to support life. Carbohydrates: provide the body"s main source of energy, simple sugars consist of glucose or dextrose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, or lactose. 45% to 65% of calories for all age groups. In addition, saturated fats should not exceed 10% of daily calories: triglycerides. Saturated fats (solid at room temperature) and hydrogenated fats (liquid oils made into semi-solid fats such as shortening and hard margarine) raise levels of low-density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol. Saturated fats include those found in animal products such as butter, cheese, and fatty meats.
