Health Sciences 2610F/G Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Primum Non Nocere, Chronic Kidney Disease, The Need
8 Feb 2018
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Document Summary
Respect for autonomy derives from two fundamental principles from two distinct traditions of moral theory. For several medical technologies, demand exceeded supply: dialysis for people in chronic kidney failure, organ transplantation, justice emerged as the fourth main principle in medical ethics. The respirator made it possible to maintain breathing and heart beat when the patient was(cid:374)"t a(cid:271)le to do so o(cid:374) their own: revision on the definition of death, death = when all brain functions permanently cease. Presymptomatic testing for individuals at risk of late-onset genetic diseases is available: genetic testing raises questions about how genetic information should be used. Use of human subjects in clinical trials raises questions about informed consent, equal access and the ration of risks to benefits for those who participate in these trials. Ethical theories provide a framework that enables us to critically reflect on and refine the institutions generated by issues and cases.
