Log in
HomeTextbook Notes300,000CA170,000

Foods and Nutrition 1021 Chapter 2: protiens

54 views13 pages
goldcoyote699
23 Dec 2016
School
Western University
Department
Foods and Nutrition
Course
Foods and Nutrition 1021
Professor
Rod Martin

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Single carbon atom with both amine group and acid group attached amine group - nitrogen containing portion of an amino acid each amino acid has a side chain. Side chain = unique chemical structure attached to the backbone of each amino acid that differentiates one amino acid form another sides chains make the amino acids differ in size, shape and electrical charge indispensable/essential amino acids. Body can make about half the 20 amino acids | Amino acid that either cannot be synthesized at all by the body or cannot be synthesized in amounts suf cient to meet physiological needs conditionally indispensable/essential amino acids. An amino acid that is normally nonessential but must be supplied by the diet in special circumstances when the need for it exceeds the boys ability to produce it recycling amino acids. Body breaks protein molecules apart and reuses those amino acids. Cells can also use amino acids for energy and discard the nitrogen atoms as waste.

Get access

Grade+
$40 USD/m
Billed monthly
Grade+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
10 Verified Answers
Class+
$30 USD/m
Billed monthly
Class+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
7 Verified Answers

Related Documents

Foods and Nutrition 1021 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Kwashiorkor, Catabolism, Chemical Bond
scarletmole517
Foods and Nutrition 1021 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Blood Sugar, Blood Proteins, Chemical Bond
redprairie-dog477
Foods and Nutrition 1021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Thyroid Hormones, Threonine, Cysteine
silverprairie-dog97

Related Questions

1. Polypeptide strands is the active form of a digestive enzyme in the stomach that breaks polypeptide chains into smaller polypeptides.

2. Cleavage of proteins by pepsin in the stomach results in formation of pepsinogen which get broken down further in the small intestine.

3. An amino acid chain made up of three amino acids joined together is called a tripeptide.

4. Dipeptide describes an amino acid chain made up of two amino acids joined together.

5. The 20 different amino acids are the building blocks used for protein synthesis.

6. Amino acid pools are stockpiles found in the blood and other cells of the body that can be used to build new proteins.

7. The continual process of degrading and synthesizing protein is called protein turnover.

8. The stomach produces pepsin, which denatures protein.

9. Denaturation occurs when a protein is exposed to heat, acid, bases, or mechanical agitation resulting in unfolding of the protein, though the peptide bonds remain intact.

10. The part of an amino acid that contains nitrogen is called the amine group.

11. The acid group is also known as the carboxyl group.

12. Single amino acids that are absorbed in the small intestine travel to the liver via the portal vein.

Please correct these sentences AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.. Some of them are not correct and I didn't figure out what are they!

For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase should be used only once. Proteins are ______________ built from amino acids, which each have an amino group and a _____________ group attached to the central _______________. There are twenty possible _______________ that differ in structure and are generally referred to as “R.” In solutions of neutral pH, amino acids are _______________, carrying both a positive and negative charge. When a protein is made, amino acids are linked together through _______________, which are formed by condensation reactions between the carboxyl end of the last amino acid and the ___________________ end of the next amino acid to be added to the growing chain.

a: amino b: ionized c: polypeptides
d: alpha-carbon e: length f: protein
g: carbon h: noncovalent i: R group
j: carboxyl k: peptide bonds l: side chains

m: hydroxide

Proteins are naturally occurring polymers formed by condensation reactions of amino acids, which have the general structure

In this structure, –R represents –H, –CH3, or another group of atoms; there are 20 different natural amino acids, and each has one of 20 different R groups. (a) Draw the general structure of a protein formed by condensation polymerization of the generic amino acid shown here. (b) When only a few amino acids react to make a chain, the product is called a “peptide” rather than a protein; only when there are 50 amino acids or more in the chain would the molecule be called a protein. For three amino acids (distinguished by having three different R groups, R1, R2, and R3), draw the peptide that results from their condensation reactions. (c) The order in which the R groups exist in a peptide or protein has a huge influence on its biological activity. To distinguish different peptides and proteins, chemists call the first amino acid the one at the “N terminus” and the last one the one at the “C terminus.” From your drawing in part (b) you should be able to figure out what “N terminus” and “C terminus” mean. How many different peptides can be made from your three different amino acids?