Economics 1021A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Negative Number, Demand Curve, Inferior Good

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Depends on the responsiveness of the quantity demanded compared to a change in price. By using these we calculate the elasticity at the point on the demand curve midway between the original point an a new point: e. g. Original price is 20. 50 and new price is 19. 50, therefore, average price is 20. 00. 1. 00 price decrease so (/) x 100 = 5% Original quantity demanded is 9 pizzas and the new is 11 pizzas, therefore, average quantity demanded is 10. 2 pizza increase so (2/10) x 100 = 20% Price elasticity of demand = 20%/5% = 4: when the price of a good rises, the quantity demanded decreases. Because of a positive change in price brings a negative change in the quantity demanded, the price elasticity of demand is a negative number. Perfectly inelastic demand: demand with a price elasticity of zero; the quantity demanded remains constant when the price changes.

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Discussion #1

The law of demand states that a fall in the price of a good raises the quantity demanded, and the increase in price leads to a decrease in quantity demanded. The price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to a change in price. Demand for a good is said to be elastic if the quantity demanded responds substantially to changes in the price, and the percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price. Demand is said to be inelastic if the quantity demanded responds only slightly to changes in the price, which indicates that the percentage in price is greater than the percentage in quantity demanded.

However, the extent of responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price depends on the nature of a particular good or service in the market. The price elasticity of demand partly depends on the availability of close substitutes. When a large number of substitutes are available, consumers respond to a higher price of a good by buying more of the substitute goods and less of the relatively more expensive good. In addition, goods or services that are considered necessities tend to have less elastic (more inelastic) demand, whereas goods or services that are considered luxuries have more elastic (less inelastic) demands.

Explain why the demand for the good or service provided by the organization you work for is elastic or inelastic. How does this influence pricing decisions?
Provide examples on how the availability of close substitutes affects price elasticity of demand.
Give specific examples of necessities or luxuries, and explain how they affect price elasticity of goods or services.

Please answer ALL bulletins and place the answers under the correct bulletin.

Which is the most appropriate definition for price elasticity of demand?

a) the ratio of the percentage change in quantity demanded to the percentage change in price.
b) the responsiveness of revenue to a change in quantity.
c) the ratio of the change in quantity demanded divided by the change in price.
d) the response of revenue to a change in price.

turquoisefrog190

interval (or arc) elasticity

cross-price elasticity

price elasticity of demand

elastic demand

income elasticity

inelastic demand

inframarginal units

marginal revenue

point elasticity

price effect

quantity effect

total revenue

unitary elastic demand

1. __________________ A measure of consumersâ sensitivity or responsiveness to changes in the price of a good or service.

2. ___________________ When the percentage change in price (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value).

3. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

4. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is just equal to the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

5. ___________________ Total amount paid to a producer for a good or service P * Q.

6. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in price, holding quantity constant.

7. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in quantity, holding price constant.

8. ___________________ An elasticity calculated over an interval of a demand curve or demand schedule.

9. ___________________ Elasticity at a specific price or point on a demand curve.

10. ___________________ A measure of how responsive quantity demanded is to a change in income, all other things constant.

11. ___________________ A measure showing how responsive the quantity demanded of one good is to changes in the price of another good, other factors constant.

12. ___________________ The additional revenue received by producing and selling one more unit of output.

13. ___________________ Units of output that could have been sold at a higher price had the firm not lowered its price to sell additional (marginal) units.

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Economics 1021A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Negative Number, Demand Curve, Inferior Good

ECON 1021A/B Full Course Notes

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