Disability Studies 2220A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Intellectual Disability, Intelligence Quotient, Developmental Disability
9 Jun 2019
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The sage encyclopedia of intellectual and development disorders - intellectual. Intellectual disability is a lifelong developmental disability defined by significant impairments in intelligence and function. The diagnosis of id is based on three criteria: significant limitations in intellectual functioning. Significant limitations in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills. The age criteria distinguish it from other cognitive impairments such as brain injury or mental illness. A valid assessment considers cultural and linguistic diversity as well as differences in communication, behavioral, sensory, and motor functioning skills. An important purpose of describing limitations is to better understand the supports that are needed: with appropriate personalized support over a sustained period, the life functioning of a person with an id will generally improve. Appropriate supports must be identified and provided to enhance functioning in areas of education, leisure, development, health, and self-care. Intellectual functioningrefers to general mental capacity, such as learning, reasoning, and problem-solving.
