Chemistry 1027A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 14: Diethyl Ether, Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbonate
15 Mar 2015
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Functional group: carboxyl group: carbonyl group, hydroxyl group. Changing suffix from e to oic followed by acid. Number chain beginning with carbon of carboxylic. Carboxylic acid takes precedence over all other functional groups. Greek letters used to indicate substituent positions. Higher boiling points than other types of organic compounds: polarity, form very strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Interact with water molecules by hydrogen bonding through hydroxyl and carbonyl group: more soluble in water than other organic functional groups. Consists of two regions of polarity: polar hydrophilic carboxyl group, non-polar hydrocarbon chain hydrocarbon chain. Formic, acetic, propanoic, butanoic acids soluble hydrophilic character of carboxyl overpowers. Liquid carboxylic acids from propanoic acid to decanoic acid foul odours. Stronger acids than alcohols resonance stabilizes carboxylate anion by delocalizing negative charge. Substitution at -carbon of an atom or group of atoms of higher electronegativity than carbon increase acidity. Acid-strengthening effect of halogen substitution falls off with distance from carboxyl group.
