Biochemistry 4463G Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Chromosome, Dna Replication, Retrovirus
13 Jan 2018
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Document Summary
Chromosome and genome analysis applications in clinical medicine: Clinical diagnosis: numerous medical conditions (common and rare) are associated with changes in chromosome number or structure and require chromosome or genome analysis for diagnosis and genetic counselling. Gene identification: a major goal of medical genetics and genomics is the identification of specific genes and understanding their roles in health and disease. Cancer genomics: genomic and chromosomal changes in somatic cells are involved in the initiation and progression of many types of cancer. Disease treatment: evaluation of the integrity, composition, and differentiation state of the genome is critical for the development of patient-specific pluripotent stem cells for therapy. Prenatal diagnosis: chromosome and genome analysis is an essential procedure. Every nucleated cell in the body carries its own copy of the human genome, which contains about. 20,000 to 50,000 genes (some of which has yet to be defined with respect to its role in the body).
