Biochemistry 2288A Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Glycosidic Bond, Monosaccharide, Disaccharide
17 Jun 2016
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Sugars are both energy sources and subunits of polysaccharides: sugars and the larger molecules made from them are called. Figure 2 18 two monosaccharides can be linked by a covalent glycosidic bond to form a disaccharide. This reaction belongs to a general category of reactions termed condensation reactions, in which two molecules join together as a result of the loss of a water molecule. The reverse reaction (in which water is added) is termed hydrolysis. Monosaccharides usually have the general formula (ch2o) n, where n can be 3, 4, 5, or 6, and have two or more hydroxyl groups. They either contain an aldehyde group ( ) and are called aldoses, or a ketone group ( ) and are called ketoses. In aqueous solution, the aldehyde or ketone group of a sugar molecule tends to react with a hydroxyl group of the same molecule, thereby closing the molecule into a ring. Note that each carbon atom has a number.
