MSCI 2130 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Enterprise Resource Planning, Customer Relationship Management, Computer Hardware
21 Feb 2017
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Chapter 13: Understanding Software
Introduction
• Computer Hardware – physical components of information technology, which includes
the computer and its peripherals
o Storage devices
o Input devices
o Output devices
• Software – computer program or collection of programs
o Precise set of instructions that tells hardware what to do
o Operating System – software that controls the computer hardware
▪ Establishes standards for developing and executing applications
o Applications – desktop applications, enterprise software, utilities, and other
programs that perform specific tasks for users and organizations
Operating Systems
• Make it easier for users to interact with computers and for programmers to write
application software
• User Interface (UI) – mechanism through which users interact with a computing device
• Firmware – software stored on non-volatile memory chips
• Embedded Systems – special purpose software designed and included inside physical
products
Application Software
• Software that performs the work that users and firms are directly interested in
accomplishing
• Platform – products and services that allow for the development and integration of
software products
• Desktop Software – applications installed on a personal computer
Enterprise Software
• Applications that address the needs of multiple users throughout an organization
• Software Package – software product offered commercially by a third party
• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) – software package that integrated the many
functions of a business
• Customer Relationship Management (CRM) – systems used to support customer-related
sales and marketing activities
• Supply Chain Management (SCM) – systems that help a firm manage aspects of its value
chain through delivery of finished products and services at the point of consumption
• Business Intelligence (BI) Systems – systems that use data created by other systems to
provide reporting and analysis for organizational decision making
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