PSY100H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2.2: Phineas Gage, Confounding, Naturalistic Observation
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PSY100H1 Full Course Notes
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What the data is- describes characteristics: foundation for other future studies to find why and how . Case studies: an in-depth report about specific case: generally reserved for very unusual situations. Phineas gage & tamping rod- through his head: tell us a lot about an individual"s condition, usually can"t be generalized, and variables aren"t controlled. Naturalistic observation: unobtrusively observe and record behaviour with subject in natural environment: make systematic observations of specific variables in accordance w/ operational definitions. Surveys & questionnaires: self-reporting: responses are provided by subjects directly. Correlational research: measuring the degree of association between 2+ variables: have direction: positive (one variable increases, other increases), or negative (one variable increases, other decreases, have magnitude/strength: how similar the changes are. If a goes up 1 unit, b goes up 1 unit. Correlation is not a measure of causality. Third variable problem: possibility that a third, unmeasured, variable is actually responsible for correlation b/w 2 variables.
