PSL300H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6-7: Thyroid, Autocrine Signalling, Paracrine Signalling
Document Summary
All sensors have a threshold, the minimum stimulus needed to set the reflex response in motion. Chapter 7, endocrine system pheromones: specialized ectohormones that act on other organisms of the same species to elicit a response. Total body ca 2+: extracellular fluid, intracellular (in the cytosol), extracellular matrix (bones) Vasopressin: causes body to retain water; also known as antidiuretic hormone (adh) Anabolic pathways: metabolic pathways that synthesize large molecules from smaller ones (fed state: energy of nutrient biomolecules is transferred to high-energy compounds) Catabolic pathways: break large molecules into smaller ones (postabsorptive state = fasted state) Lipogenesis: additional excess glucose is converted to fat. Glycogenolysis: plasma glucose concentrations decrease, body converts glycogen to glucose (in the fasted state, glucagon is dominant) Gluconeogenesis: when glucose intake is low, amino acids can be converted into glucose. Like glucose, amino acids are taken first to the liver by the hepatic portal system.
