IMM250H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Edward Jenner, Variolation, Cowpox
27 Oct 2018
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1. 1 from the rise of the concept of immunity to variolation. Latin term immunitas" - to be exempt: ancient rome - individuals exempt from public duties etc. 430 b. c: greek historian and poet thucydides during peloponnesian war (between sparta & athens, sparta"s victory due to disease in athens, noticed that exposure to disease led to future resistance but no concept of immunity". Small uid- lled pustules (pocks) on the skin. First appeared in india - 1000 b. c. Europe 15-16th century: brought smallpox to americas - no prior experience with smallpox, 1700s - as many as 400,000 died from disease. Variolation introduced in europe: exposing someone to smallpox - inhale scabs, inoculation with uid from pustule, 1721 - lady mary wortley (english aristocrat) variolated by charles mainland. Received royal permission - performed on prisoners and abandoned children. Became popular throughout england + american colonies: still hazardous death, smallpox, other blood-borne diseases. 1. 2 edward jenner: paving the road to vaccination.
